Have you ever gone to the phone to call a friend only to have your
friend ring you first? What are the odds of that? Not high, to be sure,
but the sum of all probabilities equals one. Given enough opportunities,
outlier anomalies—even seeming miracles—will occasionally happen.
Let us define a miracle as an event with million-to-one odds of
occurring (intuitively, that seems rare enough to earn the moniker). Let
us also assign a number of one bit per second to the data that flow
into our senses as we go about our day and assume that we are awake for
12 hours a day. We get 43,200 bits of data a day, or 1.296 million a
month. Even assuming that 99.999 percent of these bits are totally
meaningless (and so we filter them out or forget them entirely), that
still leaves 1.3 “miracles” a month, or 15.5 miracles a year.
Thanks to our confirmation bias, in which we look for and find
confirmatory evidence for what we already believe and ignore or discount
contradictory evidence, we will remember only those few astonishing
coincidences and forget the vast sea of meaningless data.
We can employ a similar back-of-the-envelope calculation to explain
death premonition dreams. The average person has about five dreams a
night, or 1,825 dreams a year. If we remember only a tenth of our
dreams, then we recall 182.5 dreams a year. There are 300 million
Americans, who thus produce 54.7 billion remembered dreams a year.
Sociologists tell us that each of us knows about 150 people fairly well,
thus producing a social-network grid of 45 billion personal
relationship connections. With an annual death rate of 2.4 million
Americans, it is inevitable that some of those 54.7 billion remembered
dreams will be about some of these 2.4 million deaths among the 300
million Americans and their 45 billion relationship connections. In
fact, it would be a miracle if some death premonition dreams did not happen to come true!